Against the background of mostly still above-target but declining inflation, elevated central bank interest rates, unresolved geopolitical tensions, and rising fragmentation of global trade, also the role of international currencies is potentially being recalibrated. What role for the renminbi and other currencies of the “Global South”, relative to the US dollar and euro? What might be alternative cross-border payment rails, including digital currencies, for the international monetary system? These questions are going to be addressed by key ECB authors of the ECB’s 2024 Annual Report on the International Role of the Euro, and critically discussed and supplemented by a renowned private sector expert on the global, Asian and Chinese economy.